How Learning Happens: Seminal Works in Educational Psychology and What They Mean in Practice, page 161 The Epitome The first step is to epitomise (simplest representative) the idea. I will attempt to follow the Elaboration Theory model in explaining what it is! I will also add in my key takeaways and how it fits in with my understanding of the science of learning. After having studied those subparts and their interrelationships, the person could then zoom back out to the wide-angle view to review the context of this part within the whole picture.” Reigeluth, 1979 Zooming Out on Elaboration Theory Zooming in one level on a given part of the picture allows the person to see the major subparts. Assume that, instead of being continuous, the zoom operates in steps of discrete levels. The person then zooms in on a part of the picture. “A person starts with a wide-angle view, which allows one to see the major parts of the picture and the major relationships among those parts but without any detail. Kirschner and Carl Hendrick‘s brilliant book, “ How Learning Happens: Seminal Works in Educational Psychology and What They Mean in Practice, I found that there were intricate details that were essential to understand. To an extent, this is true, but as I dove into Paul A. The Dunning-Kruger effect has got me again! Previously, I thought that Elaboration Theory was fairly simple and straight-forward – you start off with an overview of the ‘big picture’ and then hone in on smaller concepts and build on from there. To learn a new concept/idea/topic is a generative process that requires many stages of elaboration and retrieval practice. Elaboration Theory reminds us of the complex nature of learning.Giving them the ‘big picture’ at the start can allow them to understand an abstract concept. The epitome is about presenting the “to-be-learned” information in an accessible way so that learners can build connections between their pre-existing knowledge and the new concept.It requires teachers to follow a structure that assists schema development. Elaboration Theory is an instructional design theory that is more than just zooming out and then zooming in.
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